TCP/IP - Transmission Control Protocol over Internet Protocol

TCP/IP is not a single networking protocol but is a combination of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) running on top of Internet Protocol (IP). Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) can be said to operate "on top of" Internet Protocol (IP). Internet Protocol (IP) provides functions such as addressing, communication and routing and carries Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) data. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) provides the means to guarantee reliable delivery of computer data across a network using TCP/IP. Internet Protocol (IP) segments data from an application or program, is encapsulated inside an IP datagram and the IP datagram is then sent over a network connection. The TCP/IP suite of protocols is used together to transfer data reliably over the Internet.

If you want to understand how the Internet works, you must learn how TCP/IP works.

1. Start with the OSI Model
2. Internet Protocol
   1. What is Internet Protocol?
   2. Internet Protocol Addresses
      1. Classful Internet Protocol Addresses
      2. Classless Internet Protocol Addresses
      3. Internet Protocol Networks
         1. Network Address
         2. Broadcast Address
         3. Host Addresses
      4. Internet Protocol Subnetworks and Subnets
         1. Subnet Mask
         2. Variable Length Subnet Masks
         3. Classless Inter-Domain Routing
      5. Internet Protocol Hosts (IP Hosts)
      6. Unicast, Multicast and Broadcast Addresses
      7. Special Addresses
         1. Network Address
         2. Broadcast Address
         3. Multicast Addresses
         4. Private Addresses
   3. Internet Protocol Datagram/Packet Structure
   4. Internet Protocol Communication
   5. Internet Protocol Routing
      1. Routing Basics
         1. What is a Router?
         2. What is a Route?
         3. What is a Routing Protocol?
         4. Static vs. Dynamic Routing
         5. Routing vs. Routed
         6. Routable vs. Non-Routable
         7. Distance Vector vs. Link State
         8. Interior vs. Exterior Routing Protocols
         9. Default Gateway
         10. Default Route (route of last resort)
         11. Administrative Distance
         12. Routing Metrics
      2. Routing Protocols
         1. Distance Vector Protocols
            1. RIP
            2. IGRP
         2. Link State Protocols
            1. Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
            2. Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS)
         3. Path Vector Protocols
            1. Border Gateway Protocol
3. Transmission Control Protocol Characteristics
   1. Data Transfer
   2. Reliability
   3. Flow Control
   4. Multiplexing
   5. Connection Oriented
   6. Precedence and Security
4. Transmission Control Protocol Operation
   1. TCP Segmentation
   2. Establishing Connections
      1. Synchronization
      2. Acknowledgements
      3. 3-Way Handshake (SYN-SYN-ACK)
   3. Flow Control
      1. Sequence Numbers
      2. Sliding Window
   4. Reliable Data Transfer
   5. Connection Teardown
   6. TCP Reassembly
5. Transmission Control Protocol Packet Structure
1. TCP Header
2. Payload

 

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